{"id":14677,"date":"2024-07-26T12:18:49","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T10:18:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.ovh\/mycoessential\/"},"modified":"2025-08-11T21:53:33","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T19:53:33","slug":"mycoessential","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/en\/mycoessential\/","title":{"rendered":"Myco\u2019Essential"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”none” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”0″ left_padding_tablet=”100″ right_padding_tablet=”100″ left_padding_phone=”0″ right_padding_phone=”0″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”hidden” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column constrain_group_101=”yes” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” advanced_gradient_angle=”0″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.8″ width=”3\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” gradient_type=”default” column_padding_type=”advanced”][image_with_animation image_url=”14170″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”slide-up” disable_mobile_animation=”true” animation_easing=”easeInOutCubic” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”skip-lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column][vc_column left_padding_desktop=”20″ right_padding_desktop=”20″ top_padding_tablet=”30″ left_padding_tablet=”7vw” constrain_group_103=”yes” right_padding_tablet=”7vw” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”0px” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”relative” advanced_gradient_angle=”180″ width=”1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” gradient_type=”advanced” advanced_gradient_display_type=”linear” column_padding_type=”advanced”][vc_column_text css_animation=”slideInRight” css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

MYCO’ESSENTIAL<\/em><\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Get the essential information you need to understand mycotoxins.<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][carousel script=”flickity” flickity_formatting=”default” desktop_cols_flickity=”3″ desktop_small_cols_flickity=”3″ tablet_cols_flickity=”3″ phone_cols_flickity=”2″ flickity_controls=”touch_total” flickity_touch_total_style=”solid_bg” color=”accent-color” flickity_overflow=”visible” flickity_wrap_around=”no-wrap” flickity_spacing=”default” flickity_column_vertical_alignment=”default” column_padding=”5px” flickity_element_spacing=”default” flickity_adaptive_height=”true” border_radius=”none”][item simple_slider_bg_image_position=”default” simple_slider_overlay_strength=”0.3″ simple_slider_bg_image_loading=”default” id=”1754941659284-10″ tab_id=”1754941659285-10″ title=”\u00c9l\u00e9ment”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” el_class=”fancy_button01″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”parallax_hover” icon_family=”fontawesome” image_url=”12307″ parallax_hover_box_alignment=”middle” parallax_hover_box_overlay=”#912477″ parallax_hover_box_overlay_opacity=”0.6″ parallax_hover_box_overlay_opacity_hover=”0.2″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-houzz” icon_size=”100″ link_url=”#PRODUCTION”]\n

GENERAL
\nINFORMATION<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/item][item simple_slider_bg_image_position=”default” simple_slider_overlay_strength=”0.3″ simple_slider_bg_image_loading=”default” id=”1754941659384-7″ tab_id=”1754941659384-6″ title=”\u00c9l\u00e9ment”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” el_class=”fancy_button05″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”parallax_hover” icon_family=”fontawesome” image_url=”280″ parallax_hover_box_alignment=”middle” parallax_hover_box_overlay=”#912477″ parallax_hover_box_overlay_opacity=”0.6″ parallax_hover_box_overlay_opacity_hover=”0.2″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-cloud-upload” icon_size=”100″]\n

MYCOTOXINS
\nUNDER THE MICROSCOPE<\/h4>\n[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/item][item simple_slider_bg_image_position=”default” simple_slider_overlay_strength=”0.3″ simple_slider_bg_image_loading=”default” id=”1754941659461-7″ tab_id=”1754941659462-2″ title=”\u00c9l\u00e9ment”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” el_class=”fancy_button06″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”parallax_hover” icon_family=”fontawesome” image_url=”12833″ parallax_hover_box_alignment=”middle” parallax_hover_box_overlay=”#912477″ parallax_hover_box_overlay_opacity=”0.6″ parallax_hover_box_overlay_opacity_hover=”0.2″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-thermometer-half” icon_size=”100″]\n

RISK
\nMANAGEMENT<\/h4>\n[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/item][\/carousel][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” id=”PRODUCTION” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”40″ constrain_group_100=”yes” bottom_padding_desktop=”40″ left_padding_desktop=”40″ constrain_group_101=”yes” right_padding_desktop=”40″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”10px” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#ffffff” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” advanced_gradient_angle=”0″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” gradient_type=”default” column_padding_type=”advanced”][\/vc_column_inner][tabbed_section style=”default” tab_change_animation=”fade” alignment=”left” spacing=”default” tab_color=”Accent-Color” vs_content_animation=”fade” vs_link_animation=”opacity” vs_navigation_alignment=”left” vs_navigation_width_2=”25%” vs_navigation_func=”default” vs_navigation_width=”regular” vs_navigation_spacing=”15px” vs_navigation_mobile_display=”visible” vs_tab_spacing=”5%”][tab icon_family=”none” title=”PRODUCTION” id=”1754941659633-0″ tab_id=”1754941659634-4″ el_class=”PRODUCTION”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”100″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” left_padding_desktop=”200″ right_padding_desktop=”200″ left_padding_phone=”0″ right_padding_phone=”0″ text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”0″ bottom_padding_desktop=”0″ left_padding_desktop=”0″ right_padding_desktop=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#ffffff” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#0a0a0a” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”15093″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds that are naturally produced by the secondary metabolism of fungi (moulds).
\nMoulds can develop anywhere FIELD to STORAGE.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”3″ divider_color=”accent-color” animate=”yes” custom_height=”100″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” left_padding_desktop=”200″ right_padding_desktop=”200″ left_padding_phone=”0″ right_padding_phone=”0″ text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”0″ bottom_padding_desktop=”0″ left_padding_desktop=”0″ right_padding_desktop=”0″ left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#ffffff” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”15098″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=”none” title=”DEVELOPMENT” id=”1754941659796-0″ tab_id=”1754941659796-6″ el_class=”DEVELOPPEMENT”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

DEVELOPMENT<\/h3>\n

Numerous factors influence the development of moulds and mycotoxins.
\nOne fungus may produce several mycotoxins and one mycotoxin may be produced by different or multiple fungi.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”20″ bottom_padding_desktop=”20″ left_padding_desktop=”40″ right_padding_desktop=”40″ left_margin=”200″ right_margin=”200″ left_margin_phone=”0″ right_margin_phone=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#912477″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#ffffff” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

MYCOTOXINS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”20″ bottom_padding_desktop=”20″ left_padding_desktop=”20″ right_padding_desktop=”20″ left_margin=”200″ right_margin=”200″ left_margin_phone=”0″ right_margin_phone=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Storage <\/strong>mycotoxins\"\"<\/strong><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Field mycotoxins \"\"<\/strong><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”20″ bottom_padding_desktop=”20″ left_padding_desktop=”40″ right_padding_desktop=”40″ left_margin=”200″ right_margin=”200″ left_margin_phone=”0″ right_margin_phone=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Some mycotoxins can occur both in the field and in storage.\"\"\"\"<\/strong><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”3″ divider_color=”accent-color” animate=”yes” custom_height=”50″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”15103″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=”none” title=”EFFECTS OF MYCOTOXINS” id=”1754941659996-1″ tab_id=”1754941659997-1″ el_class=”MycoessentialEffect”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”100″][vc_text_separator title=”ON ANIMALS” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner left_margin=”200″ right_margin=”200″ left_margin_phone=”0″ right_margin_phone=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Mycotoxins have a wide range of action mechanisms and toxic effects.
\nFrom chronic contamination (repeated ingestion of small quantities) to acute poisoning (ingestion of a large quantity over a short period), they have a negative impact on performance and economic results.<\/p>\n

Raw materials are most often contaminated by several mycotoxins; this is known as polycontamination.
\nChronic poisoning can be as harmful as acute poisoning because of the synergies that exist between certain molecules.<\/p>\n

The impact on immunity is often viewed as the most significant effect of mycotoxins on animals. Mycotoxins affect the immune system at several levels, which weakens the animal and leads to a decline in their performance.<\/p>\n

Toxicity varies from one mycotoxin to another and sensitivity to mycotoxins varies depending on the length of exposure, dose, species and physiological stage.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_text_separator title=”EFFECTS OF MYCOTOXINS ON ANIMAL HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”20″ bottom_padding_desktop=”20″ left_padding_desktop=”20″ right_padding_desktop=”20″ left_margin=”200″ right_margin=”200″ left_margin_phone=”0″ right_margin_phone=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#ffffff” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#ffffff” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”15108″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=”none” title=”MASKED MYCOTOXINS” id=”1754941660143-0″ tab_id=”1754941660143-3″][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”100″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Masked mycotoxins are mycotoxins that have been modified by the plant after they have been produced by the fungus.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”METHOD OF DEVELOPMENT” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]These are chemical transformations done by the plant, which conjugates the mycotoxin with another molecule.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”ANALYTICAL METHODS” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Masked mycotoxins are difficult to detect using traditional analytical techniques because their structure has changed inside the plant. Nonetheless, in some cases, mycotoxins can be detected using specific analytical methods where their structure is known and there is an analytical standard available[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”TOXICITY” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]In general, masked mycotoxins that have been conjugated are less toxic than the original mycotoxin.[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”10″ bottom_padding_desktop=”40″ left_padding_desktop=”40″ right_padding_desktop=”40″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#912477″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#ffffff” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\"\"<\/p>\n

THE STRUCTURE OF MASKED MYCOTOXINS LEADS TO AN UNDERESTIMATION OF THE TOTAL LEVEL OF MYCOTOXINS IN THE SAMPLE.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_text_separator title=”BIOAVAILABILITY” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Masked mycotoxins can be conjugated (extractable) or bound (non-extractable). Conjugated mycotoxins remain active because they can be released by hydrolysis during digestion or certain industrial processes, such as fermentation. They then return to their initial form as a \u201cnon-masked\u201d toxin.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”EXAMPLES” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Deoxynivalenol can conjugate with glucose to give a masked mycotoxin, D3G, deoxynivalenol-3-(beta)-D-glucopyranoside.
\nSimilarly, Z14G, zearalenone14-(beta)-D-glucopyranoside, is a masked mycotoxin obtained from zearalenone.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”PROSPECTS” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Masked mycotoxins derived from deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and the fumonisins have been the most studied to date, however all mycotoxins have the potential to be masked.
\nThe best-known conjugations occur with sugars, but detailed studies need to be carried out to shed light on the possibility of complexing with other types of molecules.[\/vc_column_text][\/tab][\/tabbed_section][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” id=”Eval” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”0″ constrain_group_100=”yes” bottom_padding_desktop=”0″ left_padding_desktop=”0″ constrain_group_101=”yes” right_padding_desktop=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#ffffff” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” advanced_gradient_angle=”0″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” gradient_type=”default” column_padding_type=”advanced”][\/vc_column_inner][tabbed_section style=”default” tab_change_animation=”fade” alignment=”left” spacing=”default” tab_color=”Accent-Color” vs_content_animation=”fade” vs_link_animation=”opacity” vs_navigation_alignment=”left” vs_navigation_width_2=”25%” vs_navigation_func=”default” vs_navigation_width=”regular” vs_navigation_spacing=”15px” vs_navigation_mobile_display=”visible” vs_tab_spacing=”5%”][tab icon_family=”none” title=”RISK ASSESSMENT” id=”1754941660400-1″ tab_id=”1754941660400-5″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”20″ bottom_padding_desktop=”20″ left_padding_desktop=”20″ right_padding_desktop=”20″ left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][vc_text_separator title=”AUDIT” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Mycotoxins are invisible and odourless and are therefore difficult to detect in animals, since contamination causes problems that can be explained by other factors.
\nA risk assessment for mycotoxins is carried out by feed millers.
\nOn the farm, a diagnostic methodology must be followed in order to establish mycotoxin contamination in animals whose performance has deteriorated.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”RISK AT FEED MILL LEVEL” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Raw materials<\/strong>
\nThe risk of mycotoxin contamination varies from one raw material to another (see the foodstuffs affected on the individual sheets). Corn (maize), for example, presents a higher risk of contamination with Fusarium-type mycotoxins than wheat.<\/p>\n

Climate<\/strong>
\nThe risk of mycotoxin contamination varies widely from one year to another, depending on the climatic conditions.<\/p>\n

Control plan<\/strong>
\nTo assess the risk to a harvest in a collection zone, feed millers implement a control plan for the raw materials stored and processed in their factories. The control plan defines a sampling frequency for high-risk raw materials that need to be analysed.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”RISK AT FARM LEVEL” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Raw materials<\/strong>
\nThere are three key steps to follow in diagnosing mycotoxins on the farm:
\n1. Identification of a herd whose performance has declined.
\n2. Mycotoxins Risk Evaluator<\/a> : a quick (< 1 min) tool to evaluate the risk of mycotoxins on the farm concerned.
\n3. Analyses: high-risk feed or raw materials are analysed to confirm the diagnosis.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”20″ bottom_padding_desktop=”20″ left_padding_desktop=”20″ right_padding_desktop=”20″ left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#912477″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#ffffff” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][nectar_cta btn_style=”see-through” heading_tag=”h6″ border_radius=”15″ button_color=”accent-color” text_color=”#ffffff” button_border_thickness=”0px” link_type=”regular” alignment=”left” alignment_tablet=”default” alignment_phone=”default” display=”block” display_tablet=”inherit” display_phone=”inherit” link_text=”GO TO MYCRO’SCREEN” url=”\/..\/en\/mycoscreen\/”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=”none” title=”PREVENTION” id=”1754941660583-1″ tab_id=”1754941660583-9″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_text_separator title=”PREVENTION” title_align=”separator_align_left” color=”purple” border_width=”3″ css=””][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]There are various methods for preventing mycotoxin risk in animal feed. Combining them helps to reduce the risk significantly. These methods do not decontaminate raw materials but reduce the risk of mycotoxin contamination.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

\"\" IN THE FIELD<\/h4>\n

Reducing the risk of mycotoxin contamination in the field relies on controlling the development of fusariosis.<\/p>\n

Crop rotation
\nThe risk of fusariosis is very high in a mono- culture. Previous crops of corn (maize) or sorghum significantly increase the risk of fusariosis. Long and varied rotations help to significantly reduce the risk of fusariosis and therefore of field mycotoxins.<\/p>\n

Cultivation
\nThe quality of cultivation and depth at which crop residues are dug in influence the development of Fusarium from one cro p to another. The risk of a sharp increase in fusariosis and therefore mycotoxins is at its highest in the absence of cultivation.<\/p>\n

Selection of fusariosis-resistant varieties
\nFor corn (maize), it is very important to select varieties with the potential for lateness appro- priate to local conditions.<\/p>\n

Plant protection
\nApplying fungicides at the right time and in the right dose helps to reduce the deve- lopment of fusariosis. It is also essential to prevent boring insects (e.g. the European corn borer), which significantly increase the risk of fusariosis.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

\"\"AT HARVEST<\/h4>\n

Harvesting conditions
\nCheck the ripeness of the grain and hygrome- tric conditions. For corn (maize), the date of harvest is a specific risk factor compared with small-grain cereals: the later the harvest, the higher the level of fusariotoxins may be.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

\"\" IN STORAGE<\/h4>\n

Pre-storage and storage conditions
\nTemperature and humidity conditions and the presence of insects must be rigorously checked to limit the development of Aspergillus and Penicillium-type fungi, which produce storage mycotoxins. Using preservatives during storage helps to limit fungal develop- ment and therefore the production of myco- toxins. Regular silo cleaning can eliminate certain moulds that have already developed.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

\"\" IN FORMULATION<\/h4>\n

Introduction of the highest-risk raw materials
\nThis should be limited e.g. corn (maize), parti- cularly at the most
\nvulnerable stages (e.g. sows, start-up, etc.)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=”none” title=”CONTROL METHODS” id=”1754941660680-6″ tab_id=”1754941660681-9″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

DIFFERENT CONTROL METHODS<\/h4>\n

The aim of treatments is to reduce the concentration of mycotoxins after measures have been put in place to reduce risk.<\/p>\n

Heat
\nMycotoxins are resistant to heat treatments, even at high temperatures (e.g. autoclaving, boiling water, roasting, heating using micro- waves, etc.). Treatment at 150\u00b0C only reduces the presence of patulin by 20%, whilst no loss of FB1 is found after placing in boiling water for 30 minutes and drying at 60\u00b0C for 24 hours.<\/p>\n

Chemical
\nSome mycotoxins can be destroyed with calcium hydroxide, monoethylamine, ozone or ammonia. Use of these products, however, often makes raw materials inedible for animals as well as imposing constraints (such as specific facilities) and costs and causing pollution.<\/p>\n

Physical
\nPhysical treatment after harvesting includes separation and sorting techniques, floating and segregation by density, UV irradiation and treatment using ultrasound. The effective- ness of these methods depends on the level of contamination and often results in a large amount of product being lost.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” left_margin=”200″ right_margin=”200″ left_margin_phone=”0″ right_margin_phone=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”15118″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/tab][tab icon_family=”none” title=”MYCOTOXIN BINDERS” id=”1754941660764-9″ tab_id=”1754941660764-7″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”left” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

USE OF TOXIN BINDERS<\/h4>\n

In spite of all the precautions taken, the risk of finding contamination in raw materials remains. In this case, contaminated raw materials are given to animals. The last resort is therefore to work on reducing the animal\u2019s absorption of mycotoxins.<\/p>\n

Definition
\nA toxin binder is an indigestible substance desi- gned to reduce the absorption of mycotoxins by animals.<\/p>\n

How it works
\nThe toxin binder captures the mycotoxins before they reach the digestive tract. This means that mycotoxins are not absorbed through the intes- tine and therefore cannot have a negative effect on the animal\u2019s health.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” left_margin=”0″ right_margin=”0″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][image_with_animation image_url=”15436″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ 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