{"id":6417,"date":"2023-04-21T10:13:52","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T10:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olmix.com\/?p=6417"},"modified":"2025-01-14T14:55:30","modified_gmt":"2025-01-14T13:55:30","slug":"efeito-da-mudanca-climatica-sobre-as-micotoxinas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/efeito-da-mudanca-climatica-sobre-as-micotoxinas\/","title":{"rendered":"Efeito da mudan\u00e7a clim\u00e1tica sobre as micotoxinas"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;2%&#8221; constrain_group_4=&#8221;yes&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; 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column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;2%&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;2%&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_position=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; pointer_events=&#8221;all&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;padding-2-percent&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;left&#8221; left_margin=&#8221;7px&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;advanced&#8221; border_left_desktop=&#8221;1&#8243; column_border_color=&#8221;#269756&#8243; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; column_padding_type=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_type=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text el_class=&#8221;med&#8221;]O clima da Terra est\u00e1 passando por mudan\u00e7as globais adversas como resultado do aumento das emiss\u00f5es antropog\u00eanicas de gases de efeito estufa.\u00a0<strong>O clima representa o fator agroecossistema mais importante que influencia os est\u00e1gios do ciclo de vida dos fungos<\/strong>\u00a0e sua capacidade de colonizar as culturas, sobreviver e produzir toxinas,\u00a0<strong>espera-se uma mudan\u00e7a em sua distribui\u00e7\u00e3o geogr\u00e1fica e no padr\u00e3o de ocorr\u00eancia de micotoxinas<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;2%&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;2%&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_position=&#8221;default&#8221; row_position_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; row_position_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; pointer_events=&#8221;all&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;16677&#8243; image_size=&#8221;full&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;entrance&#8221; animation=&#8221;None&#8221; animation_movement_type=&#8221;transform_y&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]A experi\u00eancia dos anos anteriores e os modelos de previs\u00e3o beneficiando-se das mais novas t\u00e9cnicas (transcript\u00f4mica, microarranjo, qPCR) ajudam a avaliar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre os fatores de estresses ambientais e os processos bioqu\u00edmicos que regulam a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de micotoxinas.<\/p>\n<p>Com\u00a0<strong>temperaturas mais quentes<\/strong>, prev\u00ea-se que A. flavus (produtor de aflatoxina) supere A. carbonarius (produtor de ocratoxina) e\u00a0<i>Penicillium spp. (produtos de OTA e PAT).<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Recentemente no\u00a0<strong>Sul e Leste da Europa<\/strong>, anos com\u00a0<strong>clima mais quente e seco<\/strong>\u00a0do que o habitual, influenciaram o crescimento de fungos nas culturas, com\u00a0<strong>maior ocorr\u00eancia de\u00a0<i>A. flavus\u00a0<\/i>em detrimento de\u00a0<\/strong><i><strong>Fusarium spp.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/i>Isto correlaciona uma maior incid\u00eancia de contamina\u00e7\u00e3o por aflatoxina nesta regi\u00e3o, n\u00e3o considerada anteriormente em risco de aflatoxinas. Alguns modelos preveem\u00a0<strong>um aumento (at\u00e9 50%) da ocorr\u00eancia de AFM<sub>1\u00a0<\/sub>no leite at\u00e9 2030.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Enquanto isso, no\u00a0<strong>sul, centro e Sudeste da \u00c1sia<\/strong>, maiores chuvas resultaram em altos n\u00edveis de AFB<sub>1.<\/sub><\/p>\n<p><i>Fusarium<\/i>\u00a0tolera uma ampla gama de temperaturas e requer alta atividade de \u00e1gua (<i>a<sub>w<\/sub><\/i>) para se desenvolver. Assim, sua ocorr\u00eancia (em particular\u00a0<i>F. graminearum<\/i>) pode aumentar na Europa Central e do Norte, que deve ser mais \u00famida at\u00e9 2050.<\/p>\n<p>Prev\u00ea-se um aumento no n\u00edvel de CO<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub>em 2,5 vezes a biomassa do\u00a0<i>Fusarium,\u00a0<\/i>sem afetar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de micotoxina. Enquanto isso,\u00a0<strong>o crescimento da fumonisina est\u00e1 estritamente relacionado \u00e0s condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas<\/strong>, e a recente varia\u00e7\u00e3o clim\u00e1tica influencia sua distribui\u00e7\u00e3o, como observado com um aumento na Europa Central.<\/p>\n<p>Em geral, as evid\u00eancias sugerem que\u00a0<strong>a mudan\u00e7a clim\u00e1tica afetar\u00e1 negativamente as culturas em todo o mundo em termos de perda de \u00e1reas de cultivo, resultando em maior suscetibilidade \u00e0 contamina\u00e7\u00e3o por fungos e um aumento na contamina\u00e7\u00e3o por micotoxina<\/strong>. No entanto, s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rias mais pesquisas para obter uma vis\u00e3o mais abrangente dos efeitos da mudan\u00e7a clim\u00e1tica sobre a ocorr\u00eancia de fungos e micotoxinas.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Refer\u00eancia<\/strong>:\u00a0Zingales\u00a0<\/em>et al.<em>, 2022. Climate Change and Effects on Molds and Mycotoxins. Toxins, 14, 445\u00a0<\/em> <em><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins14070445\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins14070445<\/a>.<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;2%&#8221; constrain_group_4=&#8221;yes&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; gradient_type=&#8221;default&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":16672,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6417","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-myco-news-2"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6417","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6417"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6417\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16682,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6417\/revisions\/16682"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mycokingdom.net\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}